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Dice and dice based games go back to the Crusades, but modern craps is only about 100 years old. Modern craps developed from the archaic British game titled Hazard. No one is certain of the origin of the game, but Hazard is believed to have been developed by the British man, Sir William of Tyre, in the 12th century. It is presumed that Sir William's knights enjoyed Hazard at the time of a siege on the fortification Hazarth in 1125 AD. The title Hazard was developed from the fortress's name.

Early French colonizers brought the game Hazard to Canada (the colony of Acadia, which is Nova Scotia today). In the 18th century, when exiled by the British, the French moved south and happen upon safety in southern Louisiana where they eventually became Cajuns. When they fled Acadia, they took their favorite game, Hazard, with them. The Cajuns modernized the dice game and developed it to be more statistically fair. It's believed that the Cajuns amended the name to craps, which was developed from the term for the losing toss of 2 in the game of Hazard, called "crabs."

From Louisiana, the game extended to the Mississippi riverboats and around the country. Many think the dice maker John H. Winn as the founder of modern day craps. In 1907, Winn built the modern craps layout. He put in place the Do not Pass line so individuals could bet on the dice to lose. Later, he developed the boxes for Place wagers and added the Big 6, Big eight, and Hardways.